The strengths and weaknesses of an entrepreneurial strategist Essay

The strengths and weaknesses of an entrepreneurial strategist - Essay Example The importance of strategic thinking leads to strategic planning and is extremely important in the opportunity identification process. Successful entrepreneurs are self confident and try to meet the heist possible standards. Most of them are hard working and energetic, enthusiastic, passionate and self-critical. They get others to do things by giving them little scope to influence decisions. Intuition is one of the most unique qualities possessed by successful entrepreneurs (Burns 2001). They use the intuitive ability to understand the dynamics of market structures, competition, customer needs, timing, synergies, and the like (Clark and Lee 2006). They have great knowledge, expertise and personal charisma. Successful entrepreneurs accept full responsibility for the achievement of the business objective and it is therefore essential for trust and co-operation from both sides to be in evidence all the time. "They welcome change because it creates opportunities that can be exploited and often create it through innovation" (Burns 2001, p. 5). Most of them have excellent communication skills which help them to find partners and investors. Successful entrepreneurs are open to new ideas and willingly accept risk. The weaknesses of entrepreneurs prevent them to achieve success and bui

Case Study on Business Strategy in the Australian Solar Energy Essay

Case Study on Business Strategy in the Australian Solar Energy Industry - Essay Example Appropriately enough most cutting edge research on implementing solar energy solutions is also being carried out in Australia. Various new companies and old ventures have begun to frequent the Australian solar energy market. CBD Energy is one such company with a two decades old history in the alternative energy industry. (ASX, 2011) This text will attempt to analyse the internal strengths and weaknesses possessed by CBD Energy that will enable it to deal with the solar energy industry effectively. 2. Analysis of the firm's internal resources and/or capabilities Competitive Advantage CBD Energy possesses significant competitive advantages against its competition within the Australian market. CBD is strongly connected to international global renewable companies such as Datang, SOLON, Tianwei and Oelmaier Technologies which ensure that technological access and supply are always available. This is essential as the global solar energy products manufacturing industry is finding itself unde r increased pressure to fulfil customer orders due to inflated demand. Moreover CBD has begun to assemble solar inverters as of January 2011 and had produced 500 units by February 2011 while annual projections put the figure at 20,000 units. This will ensure that CBD has alternative revenue streams in place as well and this will also ensure that CBD has critical components available at its disposal in required quantities at all times. Another significant advantage displayed by CBD is its ability to assemble key components for PV installations on rooftops. Most other companies in the Australian solar industry market do not have the requisite expertise as yet. This aids in reducing input costs, getting government tenders as these products are made in Australia and ensure timely access to required components. The recent opening of an office in China will enhance CBD’s manufacturing standing and will aid its efforts to manage outsourced components. (CBD Energy, 2011a) Consequentl y the lowered prices will encourage a new wave of buyers to invest in solar technology as it becomes more affordable for individual family units. Analysis of Resources Resources Indicators Financial Share value has been unsteady for the last fiscal year; Investors and speculators are pulling out. Organisational Employees are well paid. Physical Company is expanding its manufacturing and servicing capabilities. Technological Company’s resources are being updated continuously with new installations; Continuous improvement in products and services is underway. Human The management team is composed of experts from respective fields. Innovation New methods are being developed for servicing and installations. Reputation Sales are going up indicating developing market reputation. CBD is presenting a mixed picture in terms of its key resources. In terms of its financial resources, the share value of the company has been declining steadily (ASX, 2011) over the entire year (see Appendi x â€Å"A†). While some pressure may be attributed to a low performing stock exchange market but a major reason is the removal of accrued profits to support business expansion. Traded volumes have also remained low. Various speculators and investors are also pulling their stock out of the company although the key investors are still in place (see Appendix â€Å"

Childs personality and life Essay Example for Free

Childs personality and life Essay Andy Murray is one of the more extrovert tennis players on the tennis court and is known for his frequent outbursts of passion and his aggressive style of play. In December 2004 he was named the Young Sports Personality of the Year which supports my theory that he is an extravert. Also Andy Murray does not shy from the media he often talks about his game, coaches and even family members such as: After a match against Stepanek, he spoke to the media saying; I was pretty happy with the way I played and you could see that by the celebrations and my mum making an idiot of herself A more introverted person would usually just talk about there performance and there own reaction. Tim Henman Tim Henman is one of the more introvert tennis players on the field he is quite conservative and quiet. His celebration (the trade mark fist clench) supports that he is conservative though he may have an outburst of passion it usually is quirt and short. Tim Henman does get a lot of media attention because he is Englands number one, though he can handle the media spotlight know when his career first started he did not like all the media attention and tried to avoid it. That showed an shy introverted characteristic. A more extroverted person would of liked being centre of attention and looked forward to meeting with the media. Rugby Union The two rugby union players I have chosen to investigate are Martin Johnson and Johnny Wilkinson. Martin Johnson Martin Johnson is one of the well known and accomplished captains of all time. He captained England to the 2003 Six Nations Grand Slam and led club side Leicester Tigers as they won four consecutive Zurich Premiership titles and a European Cup double. He has also toured with the Lions three times. He became the first man in history to captain them twice when he led the Lions on the tour of Australia in 2001, after leading the winning tour of South Africa in 1997. On the pitch he is a player who inspires the best out of his players by leading by example and shouting encouragement and instructions which shows extravert qualities. Off the pitch when Martin Johnson talks to the media he does not like talking about himself which is unusual for an extravert but when talking to the media he always focuses on the collective which shows he is a big team man. In the interview after the winning world cup final he said: It was a huge effort by the entire squad of players, coaches and backroom staff, everybody. Thanks to the fans they were incredible he also said I cant say enough about the team What he said to the media reinforces that he is a big team man. This also shows an extravert characteristic of enjoying doing activities that involve other people Johnny Wilkinson Johnny Wilkinson is an introverted rugby player but the drop goal during extra time that won England the World Cup in 2003 made him the most famous players in international professional rugby. On the field he has a reputation for accurate kicking and fierce tackling; off the field he has a reputation for practicing incessantly and avoiding publicity. This shows two introverted characteristics one of doing things alone (training) two avoiding media attention (publicity) being shy. Are we born with our personalities? The answer is well there isnt one there is only theories weather we are born with a personality. I believe we may be born with a personality disorder (mental disorder) but they are the ones that have been scientifically proven. I believe our personality depends on environmental factors (schools physiology etc) and hugely how our parents interact with us and other people. Children learn from copying others and they copy there parents more than anybody. Parents are gods in the eyes of their children I think that phrase sums up how much a parent affects a Childs personality and life.

Conflict and Communication Skills Reflection

Conflict and Communication Skills Reflection Wong Yuen Han Alison Introduction Hong Kong is known as a shopping paradise. â€Å"Service like this just isn’t good enough in today’s standard, this is a popular slang said by Andy Lau used to describe poor service in Hong Kong. Conflict occurs may lead to poor service quality. Conflict is â€Å"an expressed struggle between at least two interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scare rewards and interference from the other parties in achieving their goals†. (Ronald B. Adler 2006; George Rodman 2006) Following is an interpersonal conflict happened recently on me in a cupcake shop. I will analysis what are the possible causes of the conflict and a reflection on my communication skills. Episode I held a Christmas Party at home last year. One week before the Christmas Party was Saturday, I ordered 5 dozens of cupcakes from Natural Chiffon which located in Mong Kok. It required me paying full payment and damage deposit for renting dessert trays. â€Å"Please remember to bring along with this receipt with you return dessert trays. Otherwise, we will not return damage deposit to you.† salesperson reminded me after I paid all the payments and received the receipt. There were a crowd of people waiting for buying cupcakes, I left quickly. On the party day, Natural Chiffon sent cupcakes and dessert trays to my home, everyone enjoyed and pleased with those cupcakes. After the party, I wrapped up all the dessert trays and readied to return back to Natural Chiffon. I was not free the day after the party. Therefore, I decided to return the trays two days after the party. Two days after the party, I returned the dessert trays and the salesperson said, â€Å"Sorry, you are late for one day and you will be fined for $50.† I was shocked. I tried looking for any regulations posted in Natural Chiffon but there was not any notice posted. There was not any big wordings stated on the receipt that dessert trays should be returned within one day. Perhaps I did not recognize, they wrote the statement in small. However, the salesperson did not remind me that I should return the trays within one day when I was ordering or when they sent the cupcakes and dessert trays to my home. â€Å"Please ask your boss to look into this case.† I requested. â€Å"If you have any questions, please contact us through e-mail. According to our company regulation, I should collect $50 for the overdue.† said salesperson while she was serving next customer. There were lots of people waiting for and I did not want to argue with him. Therefore, I paid that $50 and le ft the shop. Possible causes There are mainly four possible causes that caused the conflict emerged. Communication Models and Conflict Style When I was making payment, the communication model between salesperson and I was in linear. After the salesperson reminded me to bring back the receipt in order to redeem back damage deposit, I left quickly. Salesperson was the speaker and I was a listener only. There was not any interaction between us as there was a crowd of people. On the day when I returned dessert trays, our communication model had been changed to transactional model. Salesperson required me to make the overdue payment and I asked their boss to look into this case. Both of us were striving for our own interest. We were engaging in the sending and receiving of messages simultaneously. (Barnlund, D.C. 2008) Our conflict did not solve perfectly though our communication was in transactional model. However, we solved our problem by accommodating that is I am not okay, you are okay. Accommodators deal with conflict by giving in, putting the other’s needs ahead of their own. Self-sufficiency is low. (Ronald B. Adler 2006; George Rodman 2006) At that time, there were lots of people waiting for buying cupcakes. I did not want to argue with the salesperson and try to maintain harmony and peace. Therefore, I made the overdue payment and left the shop. Our communication model changed from linear to transactional. Although we are at stage of transactional model, we solved our problem by accommodating instead of compromising as the salesperson declined my request. Verbal Communication Verbal communication can express abstract or concrete message in an easier manner. However, if we misinterpret the message, conflict will be caused. Allness thinking is â€Å"the tendency to decide we know everything about something or someone based on limited interactions or perceptions†. (Nicole Allaire 2009) The salesperson reminded me to bring along with the receipt and the damage deposit would be returned. There were lots of people at that moment, may be the salesperson was under pressure and forgot to remind me I should return the trays one day after the party. Therefore, I applied allness thinking that I could return the trays and collect the damage deposit at any time as long as I brought along with the receipt. The salesperson did not give enough information and I did not ask for further information, conflict emerged. Nonverbal communication message meaning are in people Nonverbal communication is communication with gestures instead of words. Nonverbal communication can reveal your truth feeling towards something as it will be emitted without conscious awareness. Sometimes, nonverbal communication may contradict the meaning with verbal communication. When I requested their boss should look into this case, the salesperson was not looking at me and asked me sent an e-mail to their company if I had any questions. Though the salesperson answered me politely, there was no eye contact. Avoiding eye contact can be decoded as untruthful or not respecting to others. From my point of view, I thought the salesperson was not respecting me as I was angry with their unclear statement. From the salesperson point of view, maybe she was very busy with serving the next customer. His intention was to minimize the waiting time of other customer but not trying to disrespect me. Therefore, every gesture can be decoded into different meaning if we are standing at different positions with different feelings. Cultural Influence generation and gender stereotyping People communicate with others may vary from one culture to another. From the outlook of the salesperson, she is a post 90s student. Nowadays, post 90s are symbolized their individualism is very strong. Personal goals are far more important than group goals. The salesperson’s goal is collect overdue payment from me. She should try to fulfill customer’s request or do the follow up later but not just asking me send an e-mail to contact with their company. Gender stereotyping in Hong Kong is quite serious. Women should be elegant and keep silenced when they are in any situations. Therefore, I tried to avoid another conflict or argument with the salesperson. After she refused my request, I made the payment and left the shop. However, keeping silence or evading form an issue is not an appropriate way in solving problem. Using wrong communication model, misinterpreting verbal and non-verbal communication, cultural influence and wrong style of solving conflict are the possible cause that the conflict emerged in this case. Self-reflection on communication skills Change our communication model If the communication model between the salesperson and I was initially in transactional model, our conflict may not be occurred. Transactional model required us to be listener and speaker simultaneously. I should not only rely on her reminder but also ask for further information. If I further asked, â€Å"Is there any deadline for returning the dessert trays?† Usually most of salesperson will replied with a smile, â€Å"Sorry, I forget to inform you that the trays should be returned the day after we send it to your home. Thank you for reminding me.† Then conflict may be avoided. Change our conflict style From my point of view, out conflict style is accommodating. From the salesperson point of view, our conflict style is competing. Though win-win situation is the best, there is limited time to seek a win-win outcome. If the salesperson contacts with their boss to look into our conflict or giving , then our conflict style may be changed to compromising. One person is suggesting a solution that can meet each other half-way, another person try to fulfill or accept that advice. Sources Barnlund, D. C. (2008). A transactional model of communication. In. C. D. Mortensen (Eds.),Communication theory(2nd ed., pp47-57). New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction. http://12843.educatorpages.com/

The Bahai International Archives Building and Its Classical Style of Greek Architecture :: International Arachives Art Essays

The Baha'i International Archives Building and Its Classical Style of Greek Architecture The Baha'i International Archives Building, erected in 1957 on Mount Carmel in Haifa Israel, echoes the immortal classical style of Greek architecture. An admirer of Greek architecture, Shogi Effendi who was the Guardian of the Baha'i faith, chose this style to carry out the construction of the Archives building. This building replicates the general proportions of the famous Parthenon in Athens, Greece. The Archives building is a museum which holds the original writings of the Bab, Baha 'u' llah and Abdu' l Baha , as well as some of their clothes and belongings. Baha 'u' llah is the prophet founder of the Baha'i faith and the Manifestation of God for this day. The Baha'i faith originated in Iran in 1863 and is now the second most widespread religion after Christianity. The Bab is the Forerunner of the Baha'i faith. Abdu' l Baha is Baha 'u' llah's eldest son and his designated successor. The Archives building is surrounded by several of the Baha'i holy places. The most important of which are the Shrine of The Bab, and the Monument Gardens. The tombs of central figures in the Baha'i faith are found at the Monument Gardens. Mount Carmel is also th e location of the Baha'i world administrative institutions; The Seat of the Universal House of Justice, The International Library, Seat of The International Teaching Center, Center For The Study of The Sacred Texts, and many other present and future institutions of the Baha'i Administrative Order. In essence, the Baha'i Archives Building is a place of pilgrimage. The Parthenon, Shogi Effendi's main influence for building the Archives Buildings, was built in Athens, Greece, in 490 B.C.E. by Perikles. The Parthenon stood distinct among it's surroundings. In fact, it's the largest building on the Acropolis. Its grandeur has symbolic reference to its purpose as the temple to the goddess Athena. The Parthenon was surrounded by several buildings which a lso had religious significance for instance, the temple dedicated to Athena Nike (goddess of victory and war) and the Erechtheion which was another temple dedicated to several deities.

We Need a Constitutional Amendment to Protect the American Flag Essay

We Must Fight for the Constitutional Amendment to Protect the American Flag Free speech and the First Amendment rights do not give people lisence to desecrate a symbol of pride and freedom. It is not all right to protect those who let it burn, lighting up the sky with their hatred. It definitely is not acceptable to insult the men and women who fight every day to protect this nation by burning the symbol of their labors. Therefore, it is crucial that the Supreme Court pass the amendment to the Constitution to protect the flag of the US. When people see â€Å"Old Glory† flying, the experience should take their breath away. From the Omaha beaches in Normandy, where over three million soldiers stormed the German Nazis, to Iwo Jima, where the exhausted marines raised the proud flag, to the h...

Great Advertisement Essay

When you think about advertisements you don’t realize what’s within, Weasel words. Weasel words are just a tricky skill used by the advertisers. People who try to persuade you into buying their product are using a trick mask they hope you don’t see. While thinking of how to develop this essay I found a great advertisement that relates a Wrinkle-free lotion to be exact. I looked at it and I was surprised to see how fake it looked, and how desperate they were. Also how badly they wanted for the audience to buy it. They used weasel words in all of the advertisement; it was basically covered with it. An example is â€Å"less wrinkles in only sixty minutes†. The â€Å"Less wrinkles† statement doesn’t actually tell you that all your wrinkles are going to go away it may be only some or maybe just one. â€Å"Sixty minutes† statement is another weasel word because that’s basically what people like to hear and say â€Å"wow this really works†. Plus the pictures has a big role in all this, It shows a before and after picture. That’s how they try to get our attention away from the actual meaning. The whole advertisement is misleading. Why? It gives a wrong impression. It says less wrinkles not every wrinkle will disappear, which is what the viewers have in mind that all the wrinkles will go away. Another misleading fact is that it says sixty minutes. Well what about if you leave it on for sixty minutes but it still hasn’t worked enough so you leave it longer but you think â€Å"Oh it’s just 10 minutes more†. They impress the viewer with the sixty minutes when that is not even realistic or possible maybe with a surgery you can have less wrinkles in some hours not with a lotion. Also the viewer doesn’t know what is in the lotion they just put it on because on the advertisement it says it works. The viewer may be putting something on their skin that can damage it permanently. To make it even better they add an image that tricks the viewer. Well first of all, it looks like two different people. The image which is the lady with wrinkles is an older woman. The other lady has no wrinkles at all and is young like in her twenties and in the bottom it has a caption that says â€Å"I’m wrinkle less†. Another strategy is they go towards a certain audience. The audience is mostly for women in their thirty’s and up. When seeing an advertisement you don’t realize that beneath it theirs tricks used by the advertiser. Many products can trick us with images or emotionally. Especially when its something that people want. Just remember how advertisers twist words to make us think one thing when its another, that’s because they know weasel words.

Bachelor’s Degree and Partial Fulfillment Essay

Adviser Approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Science by the Committee of Oral Examiners. Chairman Member Member Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree in Bachelor of Science in Computer Science March, 2013 Dean, CITE Department ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This thesis will not be possible without the help and support of the following individuals who gave their guidance and assistance in the development of this study. From the , we express much gratitude to our dean, , our adviser who aided us with all the academic requirements and greatly inspired us as we passed all the obstacles throughout the completion of this work. The Discipline Office especially for being compliant to our queries regarding the manual system they have and about their specifications for the new system. The people we most wish to thank are our families, for whom our education would not have been possible and who held faith in us and pushed us to achieve success in everything we do. This example of success is a great chance that we will stride for the victory of our lives. To our respective colleagues and to the members of the group, for the endless brainstorming from dusk till dawn and coming up with concepts that helped us with this research. Lastly, of all the hardships and challenges that we encountered, we are humbly thankful because the Lord Almighty showered us knowledge, courage, and passion to endure and succeed in the completion of this work. Abstract The purpose of this study is to improve the manual record management system of the Discipline Office in by transforming it as a web-based system. The research study focuses on simplifying the difficult and time-consuming task of managing, tracking, and handling student discipline records and helps improve discipline by ensuring that students are held accountable for their actions effectively. Advantages and disadvantages of both systems were identified by conducting this work. To gather the needed data, interview and survey methods were used and analyzed by means of descriptive approach. The results showed that the respondents agree that an online system is more preferable to have than the other, as it gives benefits to the university by enabling them to efficiently handle discipline-related tasks. As stated from literatures, these findings clearly emphasize the need for the conversion of the office’s manual system to ensure the reliability and validity of records.

Compare and contrast Oedipus Rex Essay

Compare and contrast Oedipus Rex and Faustus as tragedies.  The two plays Oedipus Rex and Faustus are both tragic  plays. Both of the plays end with the main character losing their  life, and actually even their afterlife. But as tragedies the two  plays have some similarities and some differences. The characters  themselves are different, and they both want different goals out of  each their own lives. Oedipus Rex and Faustus are two tragedies that  compare and contrast in many ways. The two main characters of the plays Faustus and Oedipus  Rex are very different from each other. Faustus, the main character in  Faustus, is not trying to save any civilizations like Oedipus is.  Faustus is really trying to make himself a better person by learning  black magic. He wants to learn evil to make himself more powerful as  a person. He signs his soul over to the devil in exchange for  twenty-four years of service by Mephistophilis. Greed is the main  reason for the fall of Faustus. He chose his own destiny; he knew  that when he signed that contract his soul belonged to the devil. Oedipus on the other hand, did not really have much of a choice in his  fate. He was pretty much damned from the beginning. He was  prophesized to kill his father and marry his mother, so his father and  mother tried to change fate. But as the story goes, the prophecy came  true. All Oedipus wanted to do was stop the plague from going through  his city. But it ended up that he was the cause, not the solution.  His eternity was not lived out in hell, but spent exiled from Thebes. Oedipus did not choose his fate as Faustus did. The characters of the  two plays both suffered in the end, but one chose his and one had to  live with his prophecy.  Smith 2  The plots of the two plays are different from each other also. The  plot of Oedipus Rex is for Oedipus to find out why the plague has  struck his town, and how to get rid of it. But the plot ends up  turning into what was prophesized to his parents a long time ago.  Oedipus ends up finding out that he has married his mother and that he  has killed his father. The whole play is a tragedy. There is no  comic relief in it, as in Faustus with his practical jokes. In  Oedipus the plot revolves around the fate of one man. In Faustus the  plot revolves around other people as well. There are other subplots  in the play not just the plot with Faustus. Faustus and  Mephistophilis go about causing trouble throughout different cities,  really trying to cause evil wherever they go. In Oedipus, there is no  other trouble in the play, just the problem with Oedipus killing his  father and marrying his mother. The plots have nothing in common  except how the end. In the end of Faustus, Faustus must spend all of  eternity in hell. His soul now belongs to the devil. In the beginning of the play he did not believe in life after death, I bet he  is hitting himself on the head now. In the end of Oedipus Rex,  Oedipus cuts his own eyes out and gets exiled out of Thebes. He  spends the rest of his life with out a home. The ultimate tragedy  really, he just got stuck in the wrong place at the wrong time. Both of the plays are different from each other, but both  end tragically. One of the similarities of the play is seen at the  end of Oedipus Rex when the Chargos basically says that even the  greatest of men can crumble to ruins; all humans are subject to  suffering and pain. This theme is true in both plays. Seen at the end  of Faustus, when Faustus was trying to stop the clock. Even the  greatest of men can crumble to ruins.

Asses the View That Childhood Is Not a Fixed Universal Experience Essay

Asses the view that childhood is not a fixed universal experience- Sociologists believe that childhood is not a fixed universal experience, this is called social construct, meaning that the idea about childhood is varied according to time, place, gender, ethnicity and social class. The definition of childhood is a state or period of being a child. Many children in today’s society do not experience this and in the past too. Aries (1960) suggested that today childhood is only a recent social invention. Children in pre-industrial society were mini adults who worked and played the same as adults. Children were seen as economic assets. Aires argued that in the middle ages childhood did not exist. After industrialisation working class children were frequently found working in mines, factories and mills. However, according to Aires, middle class started to change around this time. There was an increase in marital and parental love in middle class families as the infant mortality rate decreased and families had fewer children. This then led into the early industrial times, with the industrial revolution the position of children had changed, but this wasn’t any better. Children were still made to work, but now not in fields but in factories, coalmines and up chimneys. There were no laws to protect the children from this, as the children were seen to be bringing in the much needed income to the household. Gradually laws did come into place to protect the children; this then led to the child-centred society. Aries claimed that childhood began from the early 13th century as fee-paying schools were open to provide the upper class education. The church also began to separate children from adults as saying that they are fragile creatures of god and needed to be punished differently Social attitudes started to change towards children in the nineteenth century. Children were excluded from factories and mines as it was far too dangerous to work in the conditions there. Some working class parents however, resisted these moves as they were ones that depended on their children’s wages to support and feed the family. Beginning of the twentieth century, a child-centred society emerged and the standard of living improved such as flushing toilets and sanit ation, infant mortality rate continued to decline. Due to this child centred society children have become very expensive and this is the reason why people are having less children so they can invest in love, socialisation and protection to the  children they have. Attitudes of children had started to change when society slowly started becoming child centred, so children’s needs of special attention and protection became about to such as the child support act (1991). This law monitored the way parents reared their children. Childhood as we know it today started to come about in the 1950s onwards. Child-centred means that children are now loved, valued and cared for properly. Children now have to attend mainstream school from the ages of 5 to 16. They have their own doctors, teachers and social workers to care for them. Children’s books, magazines, TV programs and films are made especially for them and finally have laws in place to protect them.

According to current theories of evolution of organic world Essays

According to current theories of evolution of organic world Essays According to current theories of evolution of organic world Paper According to current theories of evolution of organic world Paper Essay Topic: Current According to current theories of evolution of organic world, total diversity of biological species evolved from universal single-celled progenitor organism of extremely primitive constitution. These progenitors were heterotrophic and received nutrients from the primal ocean, enriched by simple organic compounds. Subsequent differentiation of these first organisms resulted in formation of eucariotic cells, autotrophic cells capable of photosynthesis and first multicellular colonies. As a result of intensive photosynthesis large amounts of free oxygen appeared in the atmosphere. Thus more effective aerobic ways of metabolism became possible. Having mastered photosynthesis and breathing, living organisms started to acclimate to the different zones and locations. These organisms were subjected to different sets of environmental factors. While adapting to these different conditions, organisms obtained different sets of adaptive features that were secured by the natural selection. The deeper was specialization of the group of organisms, the more unique set of features it developed. Thus the biological diversity had formed. 2. I am agree with the theory of evolution, because it explains in a logical and consistent way how the life had emerged and developed to its current diversity of species. Also theory of evolution explains the processes that are implemented widely by the human race since stone age to cultivate species of plants and animals in a fashion most fit to satisfy the needs and requirements of certain climatic zone. Application of principles of natural and artificial selection allows to predict approximately what effects will have influence of certain factors during production of new breed or species and how should directional selection be performed to cultivate breeds or sorts with desired qualities. Theory of evolution also makes sense of paleontologic discoveries and allows to analyze and predict relation between more or less distant groups of organisms based upon constitution of their predicted common progenitors. 3. Artificial selection and genetic engineering are widely applied in contemporary scientific research works, industrial processes and in production of agricultural goods. Logically arises question if these artificial, human-governed factors could influence natural processes of evolution. Artificial selection is, in fact, natural selection that is directed and controlled to obtain certain desired features in a breed of an existent species. Artificial selection can result in formation of new species only if applied continuously over very extended periods of time. Such activity may contribute certain scientific interest but hardly could be economically profitable and, hence, hardly can be expected to happen. Genetic engineering, though, is a tool that is potentially capable of much more swift and radical changes than natural or artificial selection could ever provide. So in theory it is possible to expect certain impact of products of genetic engineering upon natural evolution. That is why experiments based on genetic engineering should be designed carefully and well-thought before application. : 1.  Ã‚   BCB705 Biodiversity: Chapter2 Evolution of Biodiversity. 3 Jun. 2008. The Department of Biodiversity Conservation Biology and The University of the Western Cape. 3 January 2009 http://planet.uwc.ac.za/nisl/biodiversity/Chapter2/index.html

Color of Water essays

Color of Water essays Before I read "The Color of Water," by James McBride, I saw his appearance on 20/20, discussing his quest to discover the background of his mysterious, marvelous mother. McBride said he didn't even know his mother's maiden name, much less about her Orthodox Jewish background, until he prodded it from her because he needed it for school records. "Shilsky," she told him, impatiently, offering no further details. McBride, who is now about 42 years old, said he asked no more questions of her, but added when he was "bonding" in Black Pride with his college friends, playing bongo drums and jazz music, he'd think: "Shilsky. Shilsky. Something's funny here...". Watching him on television, such a fascinating, articulate and yet entertaining man, made me want to know more about his amazing mother. I received a copy of the book as a gift. None of Ruth McBride's 12 children knew anything of substance about her background. When they asked what color she was, she would answer, "I am no color" and say that God is "the color of water." Ruth Shilsky, whose father was an abusive Orthodox Jewish Rabbi, treated her and her mother extremely cruelly when she was a young girl in Suffolk, Virginia. Jews were discriminated against second only to blacks. But Ruth fell in love with a young black man, became pregnant by him, and was sent to live with an aunt in New York city. She never went home again. She felt much more at home in 1940s Harlem, ...

Ray charles essays

Ray charles essays Ray Charles has the distinction of being both a national treasure and an international phenomenon. He was born in Albany, Georgia on September 23, 1930. Ever since Ray was three years old, he was already trying to involve himself in music. A wonderful man named Wylie Pitman was one of the first people to encourage him in his musical career. As a young child, he would jump in the chair next to him and start banging on the piano keys while Wylie was trying to practice. Instead of being some rude old man, Wylie would show Ray the right way to hit the keys, and taught him some melodies. The first major tragedy at age five, was when Ray watched his younger t sure exactly how it happened, but his brother somehow fell over the rim of the tub, and fell under the water. He started losing his sight soon after, taking two years to completely lose it, at the age of seven. Luckily, his mother prepared him for the day hed be totally blind. Thats when he started attending St. Augustines school for the blind. Since his family had little money, he was accepted as a charity student. There he learned math and its correlation to music; he also learned to compose music in his head. He began playing the clarinet in school since the piano class was full. Later on, he was able to get into the piano class. As a student he would play music written by other people, but he wanted to right his own music. When Ray was 12 years old, he was able to write an arrangement, and have musicians play it back to him. Music had always been in Rays life his first love of music was blues, church gospel music, and country and western; where he heard in the community. Ray was only 14 when his mother died. One day at school, he was called into the principals office to be sent home. When he got there, he found out from a lady who helped his mom raise him. ...

Cuttlefish and Squid Jets of the Ocean essays

Cuttlefish and Squid Jets of the Ocean essays When most people think of marine life, they imagine fish-like creatures, swimming through the deep waters with a swish of the fin. However, there is another class of animal that uses a very different form of locomotion. Instead of the more common "finned" animals, these creatures use a kind of jet propulsion to movea method of locomotion that is surprisingly effective. Two of these animals are the squid and the The squid is one of the fastest animals that use jet propulsion.[1]Indeed, the squid is so fast that it can reach speeds of up to 30km/h.[2] The actual mechanism by which the squid moves in this way is by expanding their muscular mantle and filling it with water. The animal then contracts this mantle, expelling the water forcefully through an opening known as a siphon. Interestingly, the squid controls its direction by changing the direction of the siphon. The cuttlefish uses jet propulsion as well in its locomotion by drawing water through its mantle opening and contracting the muscles in that mantle (like the squid), while making a tight seal around the head, allowing the water to be forced through the funnel in a jet. Further, like the squid, the cuttlefish can move its valve opening through which the jet flows in any direction, allowing it to control its direction. However, the Jet propulsion is a very interesting form of locomotion for marine life. Indeed, many consider it to be the inspiration for the modern marine jet engine (as well as the air jet engine). Although many forget that not all of the "swimming" marine animals use fins to swim, the squid and the cuttlefish are excellent examples of the diversity of the sea. [1] http://wings.avkids.com/Curriculums/Marine/dissecting_summary.html [2] oceanworld.com.au/factfile.asp'ID=9 ...

What You Should Know About Nigeria

What You Should Know About Nigeria Population: 152,217,341 (July 2010 estimate)Capital: AbujaBordering Countries: Benin, Cameroon, Chad, NigerLand Area: 356,667 square miles (923,768 sq km)Coastline: 530 miles (853 km)Highest Point: Chappal Waddi at 7,936 feet (2,419 m)Nigeria is a country located in West Africa along the Atlantic Oceans Gulf of Guinea. Its land borders are with Benin to the west, Cameroon, and Chad to the east and Niger to the north. Nigerias main ethnic groups are Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. It is the most populous country in Africa and its economy is considered one of the fastest growing in the world. Nigeria is known for being the regional center of West Africa. History of Nigeria Nigeria has a long history that dates back as far as 9000 B.C.E. as shown in archaeological records. The earliest cities in Nigeria were the northern cities of Kano and Katsina that started around 1000 C.E. Around 1400, the Yoruba kingdom of Oyo was founded in the southwest and reach its height from the 17th to the 19th century. Around this same time, European traders began establishing ports for the slave trade to the Americas. In the 19th century, this changed to the trading of goods like palm oil and timber. In 1885, the British claimed a sphere of influence over Nigeria and in 1886, the Royal Niger Company was established. In 1900, the area became controlled by the British government and in 1914 it became the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria. Throughout the mid-1900s and especially after World War II, the people of Nigeria began pushing for independence. In October 1960, it came when it was established as a federation of three regions with a parliamentary government. In 1963 however, Nigeria proclaimed itself a federal republic and drafted a new constitution. Throughout the 1960s, Nigerias government was unstable as it underwent several governmental overthrows; its prime minister was assassinated and was engaged in a civil war. Following the civil war, Nigeria focused on economic development and in 1977, after several more years of government instability, the country drafted a new constitution. Political corruption remained throughout the late 1970s and into the 1980s though and 1983, the Second Republic government as it came to be known was overthrown. In 1989, the Third Republic began and in the early 1990s, government corruption remained and there were several attempts to again overthrown the government. Finally, in 1995, Nigeria began to transition into a civilian rule. In 1999 a new constitution and in May of that same year, Nigeria became a democratic nation after years of political instability and military rule. Olusegun Obasanjo was the first president during this time and he worked to improve Nigerias infrastructure, the governments relationship with its people and its economy. In 2007, Obasanjo stepped down as president. Umaru YarAdua then became the president of Nigeria and he vowed to reform the countrys elections, fight its crime problems and continue working on economic growth. On May 5, 2010, YarAdua died and Goodluck Jonathan became the president of Nigeria on May 6. Government of Nigeria Nigerias government is considered a federal republic and it has a legal system based on English common law, Islamic law (in its northern states) and traditional laws. Nigerias executive branch is made up of a chief of state and a head of government- both of which are filled by the president. It also has a bicameral National Assembly consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives. Nigerias judicial branch is made up of the Supreme Court and the Federal Court of Appeal. Nigeria is divided into 36 states and one territory for local administration. Economics and Land Use in Nigeria Although Nigeria has long had problems of political corruption and a lack of infrastructure it is rich in natural resources like oil and recently its economy has begun to grow into one of the fastest in the world. However, oil alone provides 95% of its foreign exchange earnings. Nigerias other industries include coal, tin, columbite, rubber products, wood, hides and skins, textiles, cement and other construction materials, food products, footwear, chemicals, fertilizer, printing, ceramics, and steel. Nigerias agricultural products are cocoa, peanuts, cotton, palm oil, corn, rice, sorghum, millet, cassava, yams, rubber, cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, timber, and fish. Geography and Climate of Nigeria Nigeria is a large country that has a varied topography. It is about twice the size of the U.S. state of California and is located between Benin and Cameroon. In the south, it has lowlands that climb into hills and plateaus in the central part of the country. In the southeast, there are mountains while the north consists mainly of plains. Nigerias climate also varies but the center and the south are tropical due to their locations near the equator, while the north is arid. More Facts about Nigeria Life expectancy in Nigeria is 47 years of ageEnglish is Nigerias official language but Hausa, Igbo Yoruba, Fulani, and Kanuri are others that are spoken in the countryLagos, Kano, and Ibadan are the largest cities in Nigeria References Central Intelligence Agency. (1 June 2010). CIA - The World Factbook - Nigeria. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ni.html Infoplease.com. (n.d.). Nigeria: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107847.htmlUnited States Department of State. (12 May 2010). Nigeria. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/2836.htmWikipedia.com. (30 June 2010). Nigeria - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeria

ROMANO Surname Meaning and Origin

ROMANO Surname Meaning and Origin The popular Italian surname Romano was often used to denote someone who originally came from Rome, Italy, from the Italian form of Romanus, the Latin word for Rome. Alternate Surname Spellings:  ROMANI Surname Origin:  Italian, Spanish Famous People with the Surname ROMANO Ray Romano - American actor and comedianGiulio  Romano - 16th century Italian painter and architectRomano Romanelli  - Italian sculptor Where Do People With the ROMANO Surname Live? Romano is the 1,730th most common surname in the world, according to surname distribution data from  Forebears, yet it ranks as 6th most common in Italy. The Romano surname is also fairly common in Argentina, where it ranks 86th, followed by Monaco (97th). Within Italy, the Romano surname is most commonly found in the Campania region, according to  WorldNames PublicProfiler, as well as throughout the rest of the boot of southern Italy. The surname is also fairly common in northern Spain. In North America, Romano is most prevalent in Quebec, Canada, as well as the New England states, New York, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, California, Nevada, Illinois, Louisiana and Florida.   Genealogy Resources for the Surname ROMANO Meanings of Common Italian SurnamesUncover the meaning of your Italian last name with this free guide to Italian surname meanings and origins for the most common Italian surnames. How to Research Italian HeritageGet started researching your Italian roots with this guide to researching Italian ancestors in Italy. Includes an overview of major Italian genealogical records, how to access these records, Italian surnames and their meanings, Italian naming patterns and further resources for Italian genealogy research. How to Research Hispanic HeritageLearn how to get started researching  your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research and country specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean and other Spanish speaking countries. Romano Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Romano family crest or coat of arms for the Romano surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   ROMANO Family Genealogy ForumSearch this popular genealogy forum for the Romano surname to find others who might be researching your ancestors, or post your own Romano query. FamilySearch - ROMANO GenealogyAccess over 2.1 million free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Romano surname and its variations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. GeneaNet - Romano RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Romano surname, with a concentration on records and families from France, Spain, and other European countries. ROMANO Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Romano surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. DistantCousin.com - ROMANO Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Romano. The Romano Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Romano from the website of Genealogy Today. - References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back toGlossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Shaken Baby Syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Shaken Baby Syndrome - Essay Example Today, SBS is recognised as a form of child abuse through out the world and there are laws to protect the child from SBS. This is a serious problem and it is estimated that about 25% to 30% of infant victims with SBS die from their injuries. It is important to note that nonfatal consequences of SBS include varying degrees of visual, motor and cognitive impairments that will last all through life. Studies have also found that the direct costs of child maltreatment are $24 billion annually while indirect costs often exceed an estimated $69 billion annually in USA (2001) (National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, 2006). It is because of the papers published by John Caffey that SBS is today recognized as a child abuse. Caffey was a radiologist specializing in pediatric cases. Caffey stressed on the point that the multiple limb fractures he observed in babies were the result of abuse. However, it was not until Kempe and his associates at the University of Colorado Medical Center in Denver published their seminal article in 1962 that the theories of Caffey and others began to gain popularity and recognition (Leestma, 2006). In general, the injuries that characterize Shaken Baby Syndrome are intracranial hemorrhage i.e. bleeding in and around the brain; retinal hemorrhage i.e. bleeding in the retina of the eye; and other fractures of the ribs and at the ends of the long bones. The impact trauma may add on to the injuries such as bruises, lacerations or other fractures (Sirotnak, et al., 2004). Shaken Baby Syndrome predominantly occurs in infants less than one year of age. These infants below the age of one are susceptible because of their relatively large sized heads, heavy brains and weak neck muscles. The violent shaking of an infant causes the shearing of blood vessels around the brain and subdural haematoma causing irreversible damage to the nerve cells. As a result of these injuries, brain swelling and a lack of blood and oxygen may result, producing further damage to the infant's brain and other parts of the body. It is usually the parent or the caregiver who is involved in violently shaking an infant that may result in SBS and most of the experts believe that the reasons for this violent act are common in most of the cases such as frequent crying and toileting behavior. The new parents find it difficult to cope with certain behaviors of their new born child and in such cases the crying baby can become the trigger for frustration of parent or caregiver and may result in violent shaking of the baby. Since the time it is recognized as child abuse, several measures have been taken for the prevention of SBS. Additionally, the identification, evaluation, investigation, management and prevention of SBS require a multidisciplinary approach. It also relies on the knowledge, skills, mandate and jurisdictional responsibilities of key disciplines. It is important for physicians, nurses, and other health care providers to provide adequate information on SBS to the parents and other caregivers. There is also a need for shared commitment and coordination among health, child welfare, police, social services, justice and education professionals, as well as the community at large. Shaking a child violently is considered as child abuse and a criminal assault. For this purpose, several states in USA have passed bills and in most of these places the legal implications of SBS involve child welfare and criminal investigations. These

Avenue Q Musical Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Avenue Q Musical - Movie Review Example The use of puppets in the musical is one of the distinguishing features of the show in that it brings to the fore pressing social issues and deeming them imperative. The irreverent humor that the puppets bring forth is a form of subversion that cannot be successfully conveyed through the use of human actors. Through the memorable puppet characters that parody characters from Sesame Street, issues such as racism and homosexuality are trivialized and mocked but in turn delineate the problem, making it less solemn as it sends a more serious message to the audience - that tackling them is never a taboo. For instance, the characters of Rod and Nicky were contextually extricated from Sesame Street's Bert and Ernie with some hints of the latter's characteristics. However, Rod is a conservative gay Republican as compared to Nicky who is lighthearted and a slack. In addition, although intended mainly for humor, the naked puppet characters that replete the stage is meant to ridicule the emphas is on 'sex and nudity' by contemporary culture and the raunchiness brought about by the media and the entertainment industry. The media's assault on our senses is symbolic through the nudity of the puppets - implying that we are all defenseless from the claws of the media's influences. This is an effective utilization of puppets as characters as it removes the danger of the musical being labeled as obscene or pornographic. Allusion is also employed in the musical in order to tackle important issues that confront young people. The main character, Princeton, is an allusion to a university. In the play, after he finishes his degree in college, he moves to the city to pursue and find his purpose. Princeton confronts the seemingly philosophical question of finding one's purpose - a quandary that most young people in the contemporary society find an answer to. Princeton quips, 'what do you do with a BA in English' Yet he is resolved to find his purpose. After being tempted and seduced by 'Lucy,' the busty attractive girl who caused the fall out in Princeton's relationship with his on and off girlfriend, Kate Monster, Princeton undergoes a process of soul-searching and finally resolves to help Kate fund the construction of a new school to improve early education (Mintz 25:2008). The use of these allusions effectively confronts issues such as education and its importance. The issue with regards the getting of lucrative careers by young people from reputable universities is likewise alluded to through the dilemmas that Princeton faces on which path to take. With young people in the contemporary society mainly laying their eyes on moneymaking, the fortification of the culture of greed and consumerism in the American culture is preserved causing more problems as a result because of the disillusionment of the young adults. Moreover, the humor-filled tunes in the musical are not just intended solely for hilarity. These are employed in order to tackle sensitive subjects and issues not commonly incorporated in our daily conversations - topics that we find too touchy to confront. The songs such as 'If I Were Gay', 'Schadenfreude', 'The Internet is for Porn' and 'Everyone is a Bit Racist' defy many of our opinion with regards the issues on homosexuality,

CASE STUDY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

CASE STUDY - Essay Example Also the travelling law states that the client should provide healthy and security details to the tour operator. In our case the client provided information about the vegan daughter which was not acknowledged by the tour operator. The client can use this information as another obligation not met by the tour operator hence making their case stronger. The tour operators have an indefinite liability regarding the health and safety of their travelers. The Goforit did not make arrangements of the required food sources, thus not meeting the health requirements for their guests. Also the tarnished picture of the tennis court and the resort put forward security issues for the guests too. The client can hence use these offenses as claims against their case for the Goforit. I have studied your case in detail and have assimilated all the information that you have provided to me. This strength of this case from your point of view is high because most of the points go in your favor. As a legal advisor I would like to mention the legal points that you can use regarding your claim against the tour operator Goforit. The laws and regulations regarding the travel and tour operators and packages have been regularly monitored and updated by the law makers. This law fully covers the travelers and tourists and has many clause to protect them from the fraudulent practices of the tour operators. Firstly, your need to ask for the license and registration of your tour operator, there have been cases where people were trapped in the ‘too good to be true’ travel packages of unlicensed tour operators. After that, Goforit can be sued for the promises they made but did not honor them. In this case our case is very strong because of the brochure provided by the operator. We have concrete evidence regarding the promises they made but failed to deliver them. The travel packages law clearly states that the tour operators are responsible for the safety and health of their

Food Customs in Saudi Arabia and Differences in the U.S Essay

Food Customs in Saudi Arabia and Differences in the U.S - Essay Example In lunchtime, they usually take a plate of rice with side dishes of vegetables and salads (Advameg 1). The most common beverage is light roasted Arabic Coffee without sugar. However, the coffee is usually spiced (Advameg 1). On the other hand, there are prohibited food items. They include pork, wine, and alcoholic beverages. The other unique thing is food during ceremonies. The arrival of guest is taken seriously with slaughter of sheep, goat, or camel. In other social events, mainly there is sacrificial slaughter of sheep (Advameg 1). In these events, meat is boiled in huge pots. Soup is given to guest while the rest is poured in large trays of rice on top (Advameg 1). The male members and guest surround the tray in which they eat using hands instead of spoons or forks. Women and girls usually eat separately. However, there is a difference in United States. The country heavily relies on processed food and fast foods (Advameg 1). The diet is rich in salt, fat, and refined carbohydrates. Others have begun to adopt organic foods (Advameg 1). In most of the ceremonies such as weddings, funerals large tired cakes are usually served. In the morning, they usually take coffee. In most social occasions, beer is common. In other social occasions such as sports, beer, hot dogs, popcorn, and candy are common (Advameg 1). Moreover, food is usually taken using spoons and forks with all family members

Not set, depends on a research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Not set, depends on a research - Essay Example It was this pacified demeanor reinforced in King’s speech that I want to give focus to. The speech is an intense argument that delivers its point to persuade others in the pursuit of the objective that the movement aspires to accomplish. The eloquent call of Dr. King to his people was an inspiration that gave face to the diplomatic crusade of the African-American people. â€Å"Let us not seek to satisfy our thirst for freedom by drinking from the cup of bitterness and hatred† (King). This was meant to be a reminder against the tendency of those who employ the use of violence to call attention to their goal. â€Å"Some of you have come from areas where your quest for freedom left you battered by the storms of persecution and staggered by the winds of police brutality† (King). This is also recognition on the tendency of others to be consumed by animosity against those who prejudice their race because of the reality that demonstrations could easily turn vicious. Thi s is not the answer, as he reiterates, to be able to achieve true freedom from the existing racial oppression. Much like the crusade of Mahatma Gandhi and his adherence to uphold a passive resistance, ensuring that there is no bloodshed, Dr. King called for the same. A wrong can never be corrected by another wrong and where a victory is sought and achieved through inequitable means then it is a shallow triumph nonetheless. â€Å"He could not see that the fact that a majority was oppressing a minority, even violently, somehow justified the minority's oppressing the majority by violence in turn. Nor could he see that an oppressive minority should be suppressed by a violent majority† (Steinkraus 104). When we look at it, the success of the Civil Rights Movement is even more admirable in a historical point of view because they were able to change the course of future because of the virtue of the people who led them. This is why Martin Luther King is the first person we associate with racial equality. The event itself was a confirmation of the peaceful face of the movement. There was something on that day extremely different from all the riots that are happening in other parts of the country. The people were very calm and though the number of those present was numerous, there was no tension between the police officers and the demonstrators. There were sharing of food and the people were dressed as though they were going to church. The organizers of the protest kept a working relationship with the officers and there was a system created to ensure that everything was orderly. Some participants even went so far as to prepare 80,000 cheese sandwiches in New York (Lei and Miller 84). Warren Steinkraus in his article, â€Å"Martin Luther King's Personalism and Non-Violence,† explores the development of King’s philosophy from the influence of religion from early on up to his acquaintance with various political and social philosophers that shaped his o wn views. This formation of his own philosophy is significant in understanding how he came to impart his own indelible mark on the Civil Rights Movement. â€Å"King's support of non-violence as a method of social change seems to be derived from his view of the nature of the ultimate ground of existence and the place and importance of finite individuals in the universe†

Succession & Retention of Offshore Managers Essay

Succession & Retention of Offshore Managers - Essay Example The current problems and challenges of the global environment will also be taken into consideration. The case study for this research is Technip UK Ltd, the UK subsidiary of the Technip Group based in France. However, this case study will be supplemented with research obtained from two more organizations, to benchmark Technip, as well as provide a basis for comparison of HR practices. The two organizations selected for this purpose are Saipem SPA and Stolt Offshore M.S. Ltd, a UK Company. The author seeks to broaden his knowledge in key areas of HR, especially in the retention of a skilled and competent workforce within a rapidly expanding market where demand for personnel is outstripping availability, and risk factors have complicated this task. The author also seeks insight into the challenges associated with maintaining a globally diverse, international personnel base for engineering projects. The following manger has assured his support. Through the benchmarking exercise with its main competitors, this research study aims to arrive at a relevant examination of Technip’s human resource practices and whether it is enhancing recruitment and retention, or proving to be a detriment. Since all the three firms will be faced with similar challenges in the global environment, benchmarking will be useful to establish specific problems or good practices at Technip. Major investment (Â £100 million + per unit) in new Diving vessels by Technip UK Ltd and its main competitors will mean that recruitment and retention will be key to competitive advantage and building distinctive capabilities. Following an introduction and background to the subjects being researched, the third chapter will provide a literature review. Chapter five will discuss the research methodology and the results will be analysed in chapter six. Chapter 7 will contain recommendations for improvement and conclusions. This research study will employ a qualitative

What caused the deterioration of the Egyptian Economy from the view of Research Paper

What caused the deterioration of the Egyptian Economy from the view of Egyptians over 40 - Research Paper Example Furthermore, the absence of investment and poor economic system led to currency devaluation and hence increased cost of living. This paper is a discussion to establish what caused the deterioration of the Egyptian Economy. A Congressional Research Service entitled â€Å"Egypt and the IMF† conducted by Nelson and Sharp found out that the Egyptian economy has swiftly deteriorated since the 2011 revolution (Nelson & Sharp 2013). The revolution put the Egyptian political system into a state of anarchy. They elucidate that the anarchic political nature led to sudden drop in the flow of foreign capital into Egypt. As a result, policy makers and economic analysts observed that even though the economic growth may be positive, the Egyptian Central Bank faced the risk of being depleted of foreign exchange reserves. This crumbly economic situation further put Egypt and the entire bordering region in jeopardy and instability. Moreover, the Egyptian economic history reveals that the rate of unemployment was at 9.2 % before the revolution took place, but this shot up to 12.3 % in the year 2012. This prompted the Egyptian authorities and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to engage in negotiations in order to forge ways and reforms of salvaging the collapsing Egyptian Economy. Shockingly, reports emerged that Egyptian authorities were hesitant to commit to such an agreement citing that it might drastically increase the country’s debt. This research is aimed at establishing the cause behind the deteriorating Egyptian Economy. The rationale of this paper lies on the fact that countries, both developed and developing, thrive on stable economic grounds. This is because nations derive their strengths from stable economies which define their growth and development. The evidence of this is likened to dwindling economies reported from countries like Zimbabwe whose economy has

Peer response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

Peer response - Assignment Example knowledge from actual employment, as well as the development of skills, would augment the theoretical frameworks that educational institutions provide. Alliances and partnerships with private and public organizations must be forged to enable students to gain the benefits of experiential learning. It would be interesting to know any perceived disadvantages which preclude the proposed application of experiential learning in course curricula. The criterion which allegedly meets the quasi-experimental research method as described in the study clearly and evidently affirmed that lack of random assignment as the sole determining factor. Given that the authors aimed to explore the ability of institutions offering character development programs, as compared to institutions that do not. Therefore, it was commendable to have suggested that to convert the methodology to experimental, random assignment of students could be applied. The ability of random assignment could increase the veracity of the findings, as well as determine consistency in the conclusions that were arrived at. As such, in the proposed research, although the quasi-experimental method was already affirmed to be applied, measures that could remove biases and increase objectivity could be instituted to enable increasing the credibility and reliability of the

Current Market Conditions Analysis competitive Analysis Essay

Current Market Conditions Analysis competitive Analysis - Essay Example The relationship between the amount of labour and capital employed with regards to the law of diminishing productivity helps management in various ways. The management can be able to alter levels of various inputs in a bid to adjust productivity usually upwards. The main issue that faces management can be deciding what the best level of input is to maximize profit as opposed to maximizing production. As firms vary the number of workers in a bid to vary labour, the addition of more workers strains the small work space and tools. This ultimately leads to down slope in the marginal product of labour. Since land and Capital are the only fixed factors of production, labour would be the only factor varied here. The most substantial effects of the diminishing marginal returns for a company can be its effect on the cost of production. Productivity of labour gets determined by the variable cost of labour. When productivity of a worker goes up the cost of production goes down but when a firm goes through diminishing marginal returns, the productivity goes down. The cost of extra units also begins to raise this, therefore, results in low profits. (Becker 2007) Although making profit may be the key goal for many firms, finding the best way to maximize profits without altering so many inputs in production can be important. Analyzing the best mix of the factors of production varying labour will eventually lead to maximum profits and opportunities for firms. Analyzing primary competitors’ production strategies can also help in evaluating the best way to handle

An historical account of an ancient Greek city-state or colony Assignment

An historical account of an ancient Greek city-state or colony - Assignment Example The author draws heavily from the primary sources of information such as the Herodotus, Plutarch, and the Thucydides to explain the nature and structures of various Greek land engagements in the 500 century B.C. In essence, the author presents a formative domain in understanding the history of Western warfare. The map below is a representation of ancient Greece city states that had come into existence in the 500 century B.C. the map clearly shows the settlements in the ancient Greece and the surrounding natural features such as the seas and other natural landscapes. From the map, it can be observed that the Athens City is among the notable City-States that existed in the early 500 century B.C. and was surrounded by rival city states such as Thebes and Corinth. The author gives a critical overview of the birth of the Athens City State and cultural diversity. The author notes that Athens is located at latitude 37 58’ 20† N and longitude 23 43’ 9† on the Attica plains. At the heart of the Attica plain, there exists a range of hills (presently referred to as Tourko Vouni) that spread from the northeast to the south. The hills separate the Kephisos and ILissos valleys that are boards a spur to the south. The spur can be termed as the link to the Athens City states. It is worth noting that the highest point of Athens is known as Acropolis. From the book, it can be identified that Athens has experienced dramatic transformations since its existence. Currently, the city is occupied by people from diverse origins in terms of race, ethnic background and religious affiliations. As a result of the settlement of people from diverse origins, the city is characterized by a rich a dynamic culture. Different people have different cultural construction and, therefore, meeting of residents in a common place leads to cultural

Four Ways Creative Thinking Can Eliminate Debt Essay

Four Ways Creative Thinking Can Eliminate Debt - Essay Example This problem is further compounded with a high degree of consumerism which is prevalent in the U.S. A good percentage of Americans try to live above their means, be it the car they buy or even the house. This has lead to some very creative debt instruments which they can tap into. If just the minimum payment of a credit card it made every month, the card will not be paid for over thirty years. Then there are housing loans which have a Interest only payment option, which means the home owner has the option of paying only the Interest every month and the principle balance never gets reduced and since most use this option on a frequent basis, the balance on the debt remains at close to the initial level. And in the past few years, a new debt instrument has come up which actually allows debtors to pay less than the interest amount , which means that the principle balance can actually go up. How does this impact anybody wanting to take a loan to buy something Let us suppose a person can a fford a payment of $ 1000 a month towards his house. In a normal loan he possibly could afford a $100,000 house, If he chooses the Principal only option, he could possibly go as high as a $ 150,000 house , a negative amortized loan could get him as much as a $ 200,000 house. American consumers owed a grand total of $1.9773 trillion in October 2003, according to the latest statistics on consumer credit from the Federal Reserve. Thats about $18,654 per household, a figure that does not include mortgage debt. The number is up more than 41% from the $1.3999 trillion consumers owed in 1998.i The Mortgage Debt is about 25 trillion. The figures become even more staggering when you see that 43% of the Americans spend more than they earn each year. These Americans are like the bound prisoners in the Plato's Allegory of a caveii. They see only way to prosperity and that is through accumulation of debt. And that is because they see their neighbors in affluence, little knowing that it hides, most likely a horrendous amount of debt. But these people do not simply know any other way. And the current subprime crisis in the U.S. Mortgage market is because of just such people just wanting to live beyond their means and paying the penalty for that by losing their houses and the very affluence which they wanted. But as much as Plato's Allegory showed the dark side of Human conditioning, Jacob Bronowski's The Reach of Imagination showed us the amazing gift which we have which is the gift of imagination iii Almost everything that we do that is worth doing is done in the first place in the mind's eye. The richness of human lif e is that we have many lives: we live the events that do not happen (and some that cannot) as vividly as those that do. Which actually gives us a unique advantage, we do not have to stuck in any rut, we have myriads of possibilities available to us. And even in an apparently hopeless situation such as overwhelming debt we have many possibilities available to us. In Asimov's Eureka phenomenon there is a reference to intuition as a sense of something beyond that which is evidentiv. These papers and theory's were written well before anybody saw the current debt crisis which the Americans find themselves in. And the apparent hopelessness could never be visualized by anyone before this crisis. But this situation is not hopeless and that is because the creativity of the human mind is such that it can get solutions to a problem , however big it might be. Way 1 :

Peer response Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 11

Peer response - Assignment Example knowledge from actual employment, as well as the development of skills, would augment the theoretical frameworks that educational institutions provide. Alliances and partnerships with private and public organizations must be forged to enable students to gain the benefits of experiential learning. It would be interesting to know any perceived disadvantages which preclude the proposed application of experiential learning in course curricula. The criterion which allegedly meets the quasi-experimental research method as described in the study clearly and evidently affirmed that lack of random assignment as the sole determining factor. Given that the authors aimed to explore the ability of institutions offering character development programs, as compared to institutions that do not. Therefore, it was commendable to have suggested that to convert the methodology to experimental, random assignment of students could be applied. The ability of random assignment could increase the veracity of the findings, as well as determine consistency in the conclusions that were arrived at. As such, in the proposed research, although the quasi-experimental method was already affirmed to be applied, measures that could remove biases and increase objectivity could be instituted to enable increasing the credibility and reliability of the

Current Market Conditions Analysis competitive Analysis Essay

Current Market Conditions Analysis competitive Analysis - Essay Example The relationship between the amount of labour and capital employed with regards to the law of diminishing productivity helps management in various ways. The management can be able to alter levels of various inputs in a bid to adjust productivity usually upwards. The main issue that faces management can be deciding what the best level of input is to maximize profit as opposed to maximizing production. As firms vary the number of workers in a bid to vary labour, the addition of more workers strains the small work space and tools. This ultimately leads to down slope in the marginal product of labour. Since land and Capital are the only fixed factors of production, labour would be the only factor varied here. The most substantial effects of the diminishing marginal returns for a company can be its effect on the cost of production. Productivity of labour gets determined by the variable cost of labour. When productivity of a worker goes up the cost of production goes down but when a firm goes through diminishing marginal returns, the productivity goes down. The cost of extra units also begins to raise this, therefore, results in low profits. (Becker 2007) Although making profit may be the key goal for many firms, finding the best way to maximize profits without altering so many inputs in production can be important. Analyzing the best mix of the factors of production varying labour will eventually lead to maximum profits and opportunities for firms. Analyzing primary competitors’ production strategies can also help in evaluating the best way to handle

Math Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Math Project - Essay Example The body structures like kidneys, respiratory structures have been able to be shown on their functionality which has played a major role in improving the treatment of its illnesses. Mathematical models have also helped in the coming up with structures like structures and machines contributing largely to the development of technology. Buildings are first sketched into shapes which are preferably and through that they are able to calculate on the materials to be used in the buildings. Through the models people have tried to come up with various ideas on how they can construct and also improving on the kind of structures to be put in place. Bigger and better buildings have been able to be constructed through mathematical models improving its technology as they use better machinery (Berry 2006, pg.41). Through the models most of the people who have visualize are able to put up into images and the mathematical modeling they are able to come up with building of various different shapes (Kl amkin 2007, pg.45). This has led to the emergence of machineries which are used in making work easier. Scientists find it easier to use models in coming up with ideas while creating machines in different fields. Mathematics models help in solving engineering complexities brought about by the technology evolution. It assists by giving out possibilities to be used in order to manage the technological complexities incurred. They are able to give new ideas or solutions in fewer periods thus more innovations leading to a positive effect to the industry saving time and money. Graphs have also contributed largely in determining the trend or behavior of certain things like in medicine it is used in hospitals in testing pulse rate, blood pressure and other illnesses. Through the graphics instruments in mathematical modeling various people are able to use in stating their industry’s potential like the industry is able to tell if there has been a rise in their profitability and also be able to see their trend and compare it with other competing companies (Gibbons 2005, pg.12). Mathematical models have been used as a teaching guide to the children as they are taught various shapes. In education and also industries it has been able to help in calculation of volume, mass which makes it easier. It has been used in calculating the amount of cement in building, construction and also in medicine in finding the amount or quantity of medicine to patients. Mathematics has contributed largely to the world’s technology evolution. Its contribution has played a major role in many technologies being discovered either scientifically as is assists in calculation etc. Most of the building or infrastructure has majorly depended on calculations in order to put up structures (Berry 2006, pg.67). Through calculus and geometry they are able to construct a sketch on the architecture world. Mathematics provides the platform for architecture through the measurements for example math ematics contributes the unit of measurement for building in meters, inches or feet in which technology simply encodes and decodes. Mathematics also contributes to building of technological hardware because it creates basis of forming these hardwares through shapes and sizes. Sizes in the sense that the developers use inches and centimeters to create these hardwares otherwise technology would not have a standard for example the developers of computers use inches to

International Trade & Institutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

International Trade & Institutions - Essay Example Despite the massive decrease of global investment, China and the United Kingdom (UK) remained to be amongst the expected countries that would continue to deliver growth in their FDI investment (Ernst & Young, 2008). Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd, a Chinese-based company is one the successful foreign companies that entered the UK market. In fact, some of the leading telecom suppliers in UK has been exceeded by Hauwei in terms of market share and revenue growth, which made the company the â€Å"crouching tiger in the UK market† (Blackman, 2010). The main purpose of this paper is to study a certain firm that is involved in FDI and developed an international business opportunity encompassing: business opportunity analysis, environmental analysis, competitive analysis, and strategic analysis. Huawei Technologies (UK) Co., Ltd. Huawei Co. Ltd. is one of the leading telecommunication suppliers since 1988 founded by Ren Zhengfei. Huawei, a private company is currently serving 45 out of 50 leading telecoms operators worldwide and has operations in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. The company offers wide range of products and services such as radio access network, application and software, network solutions, broadband services, transport network facilities, storage and network security services, professional and traditional services, and devices (MarketLine, 2010a). Hauwei is in the special field of research and development (R&D) and they are highly dependent on their overseas markets that contributed 65% of their revenue growth (Griffin, 2007). Every year, the company allocated at least 10% of their annual sale in R&D for this bestowed them a competitive advantage. Huawei also â€Å"took the no. 2 position in the global mobile network gear market in the third quarter, almost doubling its market share from a year ago and surpassing Nokia Siemens† (Virki, 2009). In the global setting, the company’s success is very cruci al considering that the competition is severe; however, they still manage to transcend other telecom providers in areas of optical network (rank 4), DSL (rank 2), next generation network (NGN) (rank 2), and switching network (rank 1) (Wu & Zhao, 2007, p.188). The international market has been attractive to Huawei considering that their domestic sales have been surpassed by their overseas sales. Currently, the company’s revenue is 149,059 million (33%) with an operating profit of 21,052 million (33%), and 21,741 (40%) for cash flow from operating activities (see figure 1). Business Opportunity Analysis A. Advantages underlying the opportunity. According to Lim Chee Siong, Huawei South-Pacific Region Chief Marketing Officer (n.d.), â€Å"We foresee broad market development opportunities in mobile and home broadband networks, fixed mobile convergence, business operation support systems, and smart devices† (cited in Huawei, 2010). The development of broadband in UK for 201 0 is a big opportunity for the company in order to expand its market share and revenue by collaborating and cooperating with UK’s fastest growing operators for broadband access. Based on the company’s SWOT analysis (see figure 2), the growing demand and adoption of broadband (mobile and home) in UK is among the new international business venture that Huawei could undertake. Aside from the

Principle of Earth Science Essay Example for Free

Principle of Earth Science Essay The three stages according from the oldest to the youngest formation are granite, basalt and lastly andesite formation. This will discuss about the formation, composition, type of intrusion and cooling history of each stages. The granite formation is the oldest stage since granite is formed usually beneath the crust about 1. 5 km up to 50 km depth. Primarily, granite is composed of silicon and alumina about 72. 04% and 14. 42%, respectively. The formation of granite occurs through extreme metasomatism. Through metasomatism, elements are brought out by fluids like potassium and calcium to convert the metamorphic rock to granite. According to Himanshu K. Sachan (1999), granite in the northern Himalaya starts its cooling history at 705 Â °C and continued up to 650 Â °C in the range of 1. 2–2. 8 kbar. The next stage is the basalt formation. Basalt is composed of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and low amount of silicon, sodium oxide and potassium oxide. The formation of basalt occurs when there is a volcanic eruption either under or above the. Mostly the formation of basalt occurs underneath the sea. Through the introduction of water the magma hardens to form the basalt. Basalt forms between 50km up to 100 km depth within the mantle and 150 km up to 200 km for some high-alumina basalt. The next stage will be andesite. The youngest of the formation is the perpendicular andesite. After basalt, the most common volcanic rock would be he andesite. The main composition of andesite is silica about 57%. Andesite is formed either by frictional crystallization or magma mixing with felsic rhyolitic. Melting and assimilation of rock fragments by rising magma to the surface form andesite.

Financial regulation in United Kingdom

Financial regulation in United Kingdom Introduction What policy-maker should do to improve the system of financial regulation to achieve its objectives more effectively becomes a hot topic especially after the financial crisis 2008. More and more people begin to pay attention to financial regulation. According to a survey from FSA in 2009, the spontaneous awareness of financial regulation amongst people living in Great Britain aged 16 was 21% and it is the highest level since the survey began[1]. This essay will analyse financial regulation in United Kingdom into three perspectives; the first part will explain how the system of financial regulation operates in the United Kingdom. Then, the reasons why financial services industry should be supervised by regulation such as FSA, and new challenges in this system in response to the financial crisis 2008 will be discussed in second part, final part will be some problems with the current system in my point of view to better protect the economy and consumer. The financial regulation system in United Kingdom First of all, a brief review of the history in the late 20th century of financial regulation system in United Kingdom may be necessary and useful to establish a better background and deeper understanding. Londons financial district is known as The City for many years, until the end of 1970s there was no specific banking law in the UK, however, prompted by the secondary banking crisis in 1972, the Banking Act 1979 was promulgated and assigned formal responsibility for supervision of the UK banks (Heffernan 2007)[2]. The evolution of the UKs financial sector since the early 1980s can be thought of as the gradual confluence of three previously quite separate streams. These are the primary banking sector, monitored and supervised by the Bank of England; the organized markets in the City, and the rest of the financial sector, including building societies and insurance companies and licensed securities dealers, each of these steams exhibited significant differences in the style and nature of regulation, especially in the balance between statutory and self-regulation(Blair)[3]. As the consequence of the Stock Exchanges Big Bang, which means a series of financial reforms to encourage greater competition, the aim of Financial Services Act (1986) was to protect investors. One year after, the Bank Act 1987 was amended to the Banking Act 1979, this Act established a new Board of Bank Supervision, which assists the Bank of England in regulating other banks. The closure of BCCI (1991) and the bankruptcy of Barings (1995) exposed the problems of the supervisory abilities of the Bank of England and the drawbacks of the self-regulation (Heffernan, 2007)[4]. On 20 May 1997, the Chancellor of the Exchequer announced the reform of financial services regulation. In this resolution, banking supervision and investment services regulation were merged into the Securities and Investments Board (SIB), which changed its name to the Financial Services Authority in October 1997. Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 made the FSA became the sole regulator of all United Kingdom financial institutions. Since that time, FSA took the responsibility for all aspects of financial regulation progressively. According to the Financial Services and Markets Act, several other organisations responsibilities were transferred to the FSA, such as Building Societies Commission, Friendly Societies Commission, and Investment Management Regulatory Organisation. FSA superv ises the financial services industry as an independent non-governmental body, given statutory powers by the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000; We are a company limited by guarantee and financed by the financial services industry. The Treasury appoints the FSA Board, which currently consists of a Chairman, a Chief Executive Officer, two Managing Directors, and ten non-executive directors (including a lead non-executive member, the Deputy Chairman). This Board sets our overall policy, but day-to-day decisions and management of the staff are the responsibility of the Executive. FSA has four statutory objectives, maintaining confidence in the financial system, promoting public understanding of the financial system, securing the appropriate degree of protection for consumers; and reducing the extent to which it is possible for a business to be used for a purpose connected with financial crime (FSA, 2005)[5]. According to Heffernan (2007)[6], FSA tries to make a balance between risk and competition. RTO (risk to our objectives) approach is used widely to manage the risk in firms that supervised by the FSA (except the telecommunications and utilities sectors, etc), RTO also gives a score of probability of a certain firm to be a target for preventing the FSA from achieving its four statutory objectives. The score is easily calculated through: Impact score = (impact of the problem) * (probability of the problem arising) Each firm will be scored from A (very high risk) to D (low risk), and the score will also indicate the strength of supervision that FSA implements in a firm. Being a member of EU, UK financial regulation is influenced by EUs regulation in financial service industry, which is Financial Service Action Plan. An article named The EU Financial Services Action Plan: A Guide[7](2003), which prepared by HM Treasure, the Financial Services Authority and the Bank of England, introduced that UK financial law was effectively determined by the FSAP. It means that any UK financial regulation should not be conflict contradictory, and the UK authorities should be keen to ensure that the UK financial sector, corporate sector and consumer groups are consulted on, and fully understand the impact of, FSAP measures. European Commission uses FSAP to improve EU financial markets to be a Single Market, FSAP aims to fill gaps and eliminate remaining barriers among all EU members. Furthermore, in order to make EU financial services worked more effectively, Lamfalussy process was launched by EU Committee. It is a four-level, regulatory approach for adoption. Trying to consider the relationship between FSA and FSAP, the article also addressed that the FSA not only has extreme influence in UKs financial services, but also make its own contributions in EU, HM Treasury, the FSA and the Bank play key roles in identifying, influencing, promoting and overseeing the UKs interests in financial services in the EU. Promoting public understanding of the financial system and ensuring an appropriate degree of protection for consumers are objectives of FSA which also inform in EU. Why we need financial services industry to be regulated A brief history of UK financial regulation, which was introduced at the beginning of this article, may be a part of the whole picture. However, there are other extremely important reasons that hastened the coming of a type of financial regulation represented by FSA. At first, it is still necessary to review an important feature, which is self-regulation, in the development of the FSA. Self-regulation has proved to be an effective and reasonably efficient system for the British securities industry until very recently[8] (Rider). However, just like the historical review that illustrated above, with the upward rising of scandals and the dramatic change in security market, the foundation of the monopoly of self-regulation mechanism was challenged before the emergence of the super-regulator. Although FSA 1986 seemed that make a balance between statutory framework and self-regulation, the financial regulation system was still largely depended on self-regulation. The issue of mis-selling pensions has the most impact to make the government to make the final decision to end the self-regulation. Public confidence was significantly lost in personal pensions at that time and the truth that SIB lack adequate enforcement powers to take regulatory actions prec ipitated the process of giving financial service industry a statutory regulation system. After FSMA 2000, FSAs enforcement is safeguarded and the whole financial system in United Kingdom has leaned to be supervised in statutory way rather than self-regulated. The economic rationale for regulation will be examined as follow. According to an article, The Economic Rationale for Financial Regulation[9], written by David Llewelyn (1999), he analyses several reasons why there is a demand for a systematic regulation in economic world. Firstly, there are potential systemic risks in financial industry especially in banking industry. The main systemic risk is bank run, and worse still; this can leads to a solvent bank becoming insolvent since the limitation of most bank assets to be marketable, and due to asymmetric information problems, bank assets cannot be sold at par as potential buyers, these will add a high risk premium in the purchase price. Therefore, for the sake of depositors and banking institutions, a type for regulation on the bases of systemic risk is necessary. Secondly, market is not perfectly competitive. The main reason of market imperfection is that not all the investors can get adequate information of a certain market which they are engaging in, and this will impose costs on the consumer. Consequently, regulation plays a significant role to make sure the process of information disclosure and reinforce an effective market environment. In the article, he also explained the economies of scale in monitoring. Because of the nature of financial contracts between financial firms and their customers there is a need for continuous monitoring of the behaviour of financial firms. Regulatory agencies should monitor the financial firms in the name of consumers, since regulatory agencies are more effective and cost less in monitoring financial firms. After financial crisis 2008 Almost all of the financial regulation agency aim to maintain the stability of the financial market and consumers confidence; however, the change of real market circumstance seems faster than policy-makers precautionary measures. According to a speech, The financial crisis and the future of financial regulation[10] from Adair Turner, the Chairman of the FSA, he explained the main reason why this extreme crisis happened is the interaction between macroeconomic imbalances and the fast development in financial market which happened last ten years. In his speech, since the decline of the real risk free rates of interest, such as government bonds, credit extension was got a chance of dramatic growth especially in residential industry with deteriorated credit standards. Moreover, a desire to find a substitute for government bonds among investors who want to gain as much as possible spread above the risk-free rate was exploded. Sophisticated investment banks created a new kind of securitized credit instruments and it boomed so quickly, but unfortunately, like Lord Turner said: Not all innovation is equally useful, it collapsed since the investors became irrational. To reduce the adverse impact in economy, rebuild th e investor confidence and avoid future crisis, he pointed several strategies that regulators may concentrate on improving the regulation system. He argued that financial system should modify originate and distribute model which refer to securitized credit model easier to be understood, and more transparent to end investors. He also suggested that a new regime for capital adequacy and liquidity is necessary to lower the possibility of future crisis. In the end of his speech, he emphasized that financial regulation should always ensure that financial activities are regulated on the basis of their economic substance instead of their legal form. In the Turner Review[11] published by FSA in March 2009, there are more specific approaches about banking supervision that FSA plans to change and introduce. All the recommends can be highly summarized to be seven key measures as follow: Increasing the quantity and quality of bank capital. Significant increases in trading book capital: and the need for fundamental review. Avoiding procyclicality in Basel 2 implementation. Creating counter-cyclical capital buffers. Offsetting procyclicaality in published accounts. A gross leverage ratio backstop. Containing liquidity risks: in individual banks and at the systemic level. (FSA, 2009) After the financial crisis happened, FSA has been undertaking massive actions to improve regulation system. For example, according to FSA Annual Report 2008/09[12], the Banking Act 2009 is mainly able to resolve default problem and strengthen financial stability; as a result, a new bank insolvency procedure was introduced. A statement from FSA about Banking Act 2009 from FSA in July 2009 claimed that the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS) can not only pay compensation to eligible customers of a financial firm if that firm including deposit takers is unable, or likely to be unable, to pay claims against it but also can also be required to contribute to the costs arising from the actions taken under the SRR.[13] In addition, FSA increased the general depositor protection limit from  £35,000 to  £50,000 per person per deposit-taking institution which will cover most of retail deposits in October 2008. In the aspect of supervising firms capital adequacy, FSA made efforts to let firms which have most impact know essential controls and standards by Dear CEO letter. Closely cooperated with EU and global regulation, FSA played an important role in G20 London Summit in April 2009, which focused on the future priorities for global financial regulation, and Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. Many recommendations, which became detailed international agreements, were from FSA. According to FSA Business Plan 2009/10[14], the FSA will intensively focus on the competence of Significant Influence Functions (SIF) individuals in high-impact firms. The Plan announced five core improvements that FSA will be focus on, which included an upgraded Training and Competence (TC) scheme for relationship-management supervisors, a new tenure policy (it will provide a framework for the minimum and maximum time a supervisor should manage a firm). My view in current UKs financial supervisory system During the accumulation of the knowledge of the history about the development of UKs financial regulation and the causes of financial crisis 2008, I find it is a process that the financial regulation continuously suits the changeable financial services industry, financial regulations solutions seem behind a certain innovations in financial market which has already begun cause negative effects in the whole economy. Financial crisis 2008 is evidence to prove that if financial regulation does not detect potential problems in a certain financial innovation and does not make adjustment promptly, a new crisis would be inevitably and it would cost a lot to correct the system along the right track. Therefore, an important lesson from crisis 2008 is financial regulation should always pay close attention to the moving direction of the market and fully analyses a financial innovation. A suggestion in my point of view is that financial regulation may has legislative to investigate and estimate p otential risk within a new financial product before it begin it to sell, and this procedure may require close cooperation with related financial institution. On the other hand, financial crisis 2008 make regulators intensively focus on risk-based analysis especially in banking or like-banking institutions, but it should not equal to discourage financial innovation. Almost all the financial derivatives contain risk, while, as long as regulators estimate it appropriately, these new financial products that contained huge intelligence can benefit consumers. Conclusion Being a single financial regulator in United Kingdom, Financial Services Authority has powers which was given by Financial Services and Market Act (FSMA) to supervise Britain financial industry. Demand for such kind of regulation can be observed in history and economic perspectives. Financial crisis 2008 as a prelude to FSA reinforces its system, supervision in banking industry become more intensively. The crisis also gave regulators a lesson that it is necessary to establish a balance between surpluses and deficits on the global level in the long-term, in addition, prudential analysis should be in a more effective way in order to reduce systematic risk. Finally, not just FSA, but all the other financial regulations should cooperate closely to build a more stable global financial system and avoid future crisis. Word Count: 2564/2500 Reference: Consumer awareness of the FSA and financial regulation, Consumer Research 80, FSA, 2009 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp.200-242 Blair et al, Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, pp. 1-16 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 231-232 FSA, 2005, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/Pages/About/Who/History/index.shtml Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 235-237 THE EU FINANCIAL SERVICES ACTION PLAN: A GUIDE, 31 July 2003, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/fsap_guide.pdf Rider, Abrams and Ashe, Guide to Financial Services Regulation, pp. 1-26 The Economic Rationale for Financial Regulation, FSA Occasional Paper Series 1, April 1999, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/occpapers/OP01.pdf The financial crisis and the future of financial regulation, Speech by Adair Turner, The Economists Inaugural City Lecture, 21 January 2009 The Turner Review: A regulatory response to the global banking crisis, FSA, March 2009, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/turner_review.pdf FSA Annual Report 2008/09, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Annual/ar08_09.shtml Policy Statement 09/11, Banking and compensation reform, FSA, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/policy/ps09_11.pdf FSA Business Plan 2009/10, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Plan/bp2009.shtml Consumer awareness of the FSA and financial regulation, Consumer Research 80, FSA, 2009 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp.200-242 Blair et al, Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, pp. 1-16 Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 231-232 FSA, 2005, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/Pages/About/Who/History/index.shtml Heffernan, S. (2007). Modern banking. John Wiley Sons, Ltd, pp. 235-237 THE EU FINANCIAL SERVICES ACTION PLAN: A GUIDE, 31 July 2003, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/fsap_guide.pdf Rider, Abrams and Ashe, Guide to Financial Services Regulation, pp. 1-26 The Economic Rationale for Financial Regulation, FSA Occasional Paper Series 1, April 1999, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/occpapers/OP01.pdf The financial crisis and the future of financial regulation, Speech by Adair Turner, The Economists Inaugural City Lecture, 21 January 2009 The Turner Review: A regulatory response to the global banking crisis, FSA, March 2009, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/other/turner_review.pdf FSA Annual Report 2008/09, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Annual/ar08_09.shtml Policy Statement 09/11, Banking and compensation reform, FSA, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pubs/policy/ps09_11.pdf FSA Business Plan 2009/10, http://www.fsa.gov.uk/pages/Library/Corporate/Plan/bp2009.shtml